The It Industries Contribution To Virtually Every Major Global Industry Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2132 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Information technology plays an integral part of virtually every major global industry, which has emerged as a prime global source of growth and employment. IT industry has become one of the most vigorous industries in the world due to increased productivity worldwide, especially in the developed countries. Owing to its extensiveness and easy accessibility as well as wide range of IT products available, the demand for IT services has become persistent both from consumers and businesses, contributing to this sectors rapid growth. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The It Industries Contribution To Virtually Every Major Global Industry Finance Essay" essay for you Create order Both software development and the hardware involved in the IT industry include everything from computer systems, to the design, implementation, study and development of IT and management systems. Unlike other common industries, the IT sector is knowledge based. The IT industry assists other sectors in the growth process of the economy including the services and manufacturing sectors. This report will concentrate on two potential competitors in the personal computer industry, Hewlett-Packard and Dell Inc. Hewlett-Packard is a global technology company, ranking 20 in the Fortune 500 list. Company has set up business in over 170 countries either developing or under-developed. The company is also taking an active role in increasing the volumes of sales in new markets worldwide, engaging with other multinational corporations, non-governmental organizations to reinforce the competitiveness on the local market and on international arena through policies and strategies that can supp ort free-market economies. This is one of the reasons that makes HP a leading technology company in the growing IT markets (HP Annual Report, 2003). Dell Inc. tenders a variety of product categories including desktop PCs. Dell listens to customers and sells its products directly to customers through sales representatives, telephone based sales and via range of indirect sales channels. Dell can boast as number one supplier of PC systems in the US, and number two worldwide. Primary business strategy that Dell employs explicitly focuses on customer model, highly efficient manufacturing and logistics as well as relevant technologies and solutions. By expanding this strategy through adding new distribution channels, Dell intends to acquire more commercial customers all over the globe. (Dell Annual Report,2008) Industry Analysis Number of Companies within the Industry: Dell The worlds leading direct-sale computer retailer provides a wide range of computer and entertainment products for consumers and enterprise markets. HP HPs Personal Systems Group (PSG) markets desktop and notebook PCs to consumer, businesses, government agencies, and schools. Toshiba was the worlds fifth largest personal computer vendor in 2009 Apple Once the worlds top PC maker, Apple Computer has been relegated to niche status in a market dominated by Wintel machines (computers using Microsoft Windows software and Intel processors). Scale Economies: There are two distinct economies operating between the actual company and the markets along with most giant enterprises. The distinct economies are divided into internal and external. Internal: Tech Economy, Managerial Economy, Financial Economy, Marketing Economy, Research Development External: These features of scale economies involve distribution centres and retailers. For instance, Sony, HP or Apple fabricate computers, whereas retailers organize computer deliveries to the consumer. Dell is an exception, which has surpassed in the practice of delivering computers right to the door of their customers home. Learning Experience Effect: The maturity of computer industry has achieved and is likely to be further sustained, owing to the fact that in most developed countries computers can be found in virtually all homes with connection to the internet. Whats more, students all over the world are taught in schools how to operate computers and competency is set to increase. However, there are still those who find it hard to adapt to new applications and manage with basic operations such as installing drivers or simply connecting a monitor. Support is considered to be the most common complaint among customers in the industry. Dell is again an exception. It receives great rewards form highly efficient customer service relationship. Nevertheless, the complaints are few due to the reliability of personal computers. Capital Requirements: The owners equity required to embark and compete with already recognized names in the computer industry is outrageous. A single fact of HP spending 3.9 billion dollars on research and development last year alone suggests that a person thinks twice about engaging in the industry. Recent applications and innovations have been introduced by the huge companies; do not leave a chance to new-comers to compete. On top of that, powerful brand name products that are manufactured by Dell, HP and Apple have become truly accepted by many households. Nevertheless, being technologically savvy and having an ability to create sorts of unique features can help an individual to sell the ideas to the existing large companies. This might be the most appropriate situation for those who seek profits from the PC business. Industry Profitability: The fact remains that the PC industry doesnt produce only PCs. Every company that creates PCs also has its hand in other industries and markets. An important question to ask is how profitable is the industry. And the answer is billions upon billions upon billions of dollars. The industry is constantly redefining itself as well as every other business on the world due to its deep routes within every industry. As for what company ranks the highest in profit at the moment is Apple, but the numbers are skewed due to other hardware Apple provides. The industry is extremely competitive and profitable. Forces: Suppliers Intel and Microsoft are the two most dominate suppliers in the PC industry. Suppliers: Intels microprocessor chips are used in approximately 80% of personal computers. Microsoft operating systems are used in 90% of computers, giving it substantial bargaining power. Given that Microsoft and Intel control the majority of the PC supplier market of major component parts, the business world has named the two Wintel. Buyers: The strength of the PC buyer has basically evolved from the personal computer becoming a commodity-like item. Backward integration is also a factor in the strengthening of the PC buyers bargaining Power because more and more people are building their own computer systems. Rivalry Among Existing Firms: The competition in the personal computer industry is also an industry that resembles follow the leader. Follow the leader occurs when industry leaders are imitated by competitors; and those competitors that do not follow will fall off by the wayside. Price Wars: Ex. In 1999 the average PC cost $ 1,699. Now the average price of a PC is under a thousand dollars. Threat of New Entrants/Stakeholders The chances of a new PC vendor entering into the market and gaining significant market share is pretty slim, entry barriers are higher now than they ever have been. Two of those entry barriers that are making entry into the PC market so tough are cost and distribution. Concentrated: it is estimated by analysts that in the near future the top 5 vendors may control 70% of the global personal computer market. 5. Stakeholders: Environmentalists and E-waste are the major stakeholders for the PC industry; the dumping of high-tech trash like computers in landfills. Hewlett-Packard, IBM and Dell have recently started up a computer recycle program, recycling in all computer brands for a small fee Competitor Analysis of PC Manufacturers: Dell Inc: Risk factors: There are a host of risk factors that impact adversely on the business. The following are defined as some of the most important ones: Deterioration in global economic situation and financial markets insecurity could harm the business and lead to reduced net revenue and profitability. Deterioration in global economic situation and financial markets insecurity could harm financial services activities. The strong competition which is faced may have negative impact on the market share, profitability and revenue. Weakening in infrastructure failures and breaches in data security could deteriorate the business. Failure of effective product management and services transitions could result in reduced demand for the products and the profitability of operations. Net Revenue: Net revenue remained flat year-over-year at $61.1 billion. During Fiscal 2009, the global commercial revenue decreased by 2% year-over-year while unit shipment remained flat over the second half of Fiscal 2009. Operating income: Operating income declined by 7% to $3.2 billion in 2009. The decrease was particularly caused by a shift in product mix that ended in lower selling prices. Net Income: For the year 2009, net income went down 16% to reach $2.5 billion. This was affected by a 7% fall in operating income, a 65% in investment and other income, and a rise in effective tax rate from 23.0% to 25.4% Gross Margin: January 30, 2009 February 1, 2008 Dollars Revenue Change Dollars Revenue Change (in millions, except percentages) Net revenue $61.101 100% (0%) $61.133 100% 6% Gross margin $10.957 17.9% (6%) $11.671 19.1% 23% Source: Dell Annual Report (2009) Hewlett-Packard: Net Revenue: The components of the weighted net revenue change between 2008 and 2009 were as follows: Net revenue of $114.6 billion in 2009 2009 2008 Percentage Points Personal Systems Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (5.9) 5.6 Imaging and Printing Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (4.7) 1.0 Enterprise Storage and Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (3.4) 0.7 HP Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (0.6) 0.6 Corporate Investments/Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (0.2) (0.2) HP Financial Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4 Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.6 5.4 Total HP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (3.2) 13.5 Source: HP Annual Report (2009) GAAP operating profit of $10.1 billion GAAP diluted earnings per share of $3.14 Gross Margin: Total gross margin of the company declined by 0.6 percentage points in 2009 compared to 2008. On a weighted basis, ESS had the biggest impact to the total gross margin decline. Apple: Net Sales: increased $4.1 billion or 12% in 2009 compared to 2008. The following factors contributed positively to this increase: 1. This growth is attributed mainly to augmented distribution and strong demand for iPhones. iPhone revenue together with net sales of related products and services made up $6.8 billion in 2009 (a rise of $4.9 billion or 266% compared with the previous year) 2. Net sales of other music-related products and services went up $696 million or 21% over 2009 compared to 2008. 3. Net sales of Mac plunged 3% during 2009 as opposed to 2008, though Mac unit sales rose by 7% over the same period. Net sales per Mac unit sold went down by 10% during 2009, mainly owing to lower average selling prices across all Mac portable and desktop systems and a stronger U.S. dollar. Net sales of Macs comprised 38% of the Companys total net sales for 2009. 4. iPod net sales declined $1.1 billion or 12% in 2009. iPod unit sales went down slightly by 1%, while net sales per iPod unit sold decreased 11% to $149. Gross margin: The gross margin percentage rose by 1.7% between 2008 and 2009 (34.3% against 36.0% respectively). The primary drivers of the increase in 2009 were considerably lower commodity and other product costs. 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¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦.. 11.4% 11.6% Earning per common share: Numerator: Net income ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ $5.704 $4.834 Denominator: Weighted-average shares outstanding ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ'à ‚ ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ .893,016 881.592 Effect of dilutive securities ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ 13.989 20.547 Weighted-average shares diluted ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ'à ‚ ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦..907.005 902.139 Basic earnings per common share ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦$6.39 $5.48 Dilute d earnings per common share ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦.. $6.29 $5.36 Source: Apple Annual Report (2009) Chapter Two: Financial Analysis Ratio Analysis Ratio analysis PROFITABILITY: Return on Ordinary Shareholders Funds ROSF = Net profit after taxation and preference dividend (if any) x 100 Average ordinary share capital + reserves Return on Total Assets ROA = Net profit before interest and taxation x 100 Average total assets Return on Capital Employed ROCE = Net profit before interest and taxation x 100 Average Share capital + Long-term loans Net Profit Margin NPM = Net profit before interest and taxation x 100 Sales Gross Profit Margin GPM = Gross profit x 100 Sales EFFECIENCY: Average Inventory Turnover Period Inventory turnover period = Average inventory held x 365 Cost of sales Average Settlement Period for Accounts receivable (debtors) Average settlement period = Average trade debtors x 365 Credit sales Average Settlement Period for Accounts Payable (creditors) Average settlement period = Average trade creditors x 365 Credit purchases Asset Turnover Period Average asset turnover period = Average total assets employed x 365 Sales LIQUIDITY: Current Ratio Current ratio = Current assets Current liabilities Acid Test or Quick Ratio Acid test or Quick ratio = Current assets (excluding inventory and prepayments) Current liabilities Cash Flows from Operations Ratio Cash flows from operations ratio = Operating cash flows Current liabilities FINANCIAL GEARING (LEVERAGE): Gearing Ratio Gearing ratio = Long-term liabilities x 100 Share capital + Reserves + Long-term liabilities Interest Cover Ratio (times interest earned) Interest cover ratio = Profit before interest and taxation Interest expense DELL Inc.: Financial Year 2009 Profitability Ratio FY 2009 Return on Shareholders Fund 61.9% Return on Total Assets 11.8% Return on Capital Employed 62.1% Net Profit Margin 5.2% Gross Profit Margin 17.9% Efficiency Ratio Average Inventory Turnover Period 7 days (to nearest day) Average Settlement Period for Accounts Receivable 32 days (to nearest day) Average Settlement Period for Accounts Payable 465 days (to nearest day) Asset Turnover Period 161 days (to nearest day) Liquidity Ratio Current Ratio 1.3 times Quick Ratio 1.2 times Cash Flow from Operations Ratio 0.1 times Financial Gearing Gearing Ratio 63.3% Interest Cover Ratio   23.8 times HEWLETT PACKARD Co.: Financial Year 2009 Prodigality Ratio FY 2009 Return on Shareholders Fund 19.2% Return on Total Assets 8.8% Return on Capital Employed 20% Net Profit Margin 8.8% Gross Profit Margin 23.8% Efficiency Ratio Average Inventory Turnover Period 59 days (to nearest day) Average Settlement Period for Accounts Receivable 53 days (to nearest day) Average Settlement Period for Accounts Payable 52 days (to nearest day) Asset Turnover Period 363 days (to nearest day) Liquidity Ratio Current Ratio 1.2 times Quick Ratio 1 times Cash Flow from Operations Ratio 0.3 times Financial Gearing Gearing Ratio 43.5% Interest Cover Ratio 14 times References:

Public Presence Of Prostitution Public Stigma And Moral...

Public Presence of Prostitution The public stigma and moral taint associated with sex works, makes the location and public presence of sex work heavily disputed. When first introduced, concerns were raised regarding whether acknowledging sex work as a legal occupation would increase the number of sex workers (New Zealand Government 2012). Research, however, suggests that there has been no significant increase in the number of sex workers post-decriminalisation (Abel, Fitzgerald, Brunton 2007). Though it has not increased the number of sex workers, it has allowed the sex industry to step out of the shadows. Sex workers can now approach clients in public places as soliciting is no longer a criminal offense (Armstrong 2014). Though this is extremely beneficial for street worker who can now spend more time screening their clients (Armstrong 2014), it has not necessarily been to the public’s pleasing. Street workers still experience a significant amount of harassment by the public (Armstrong 2016). Brothels have also experienced some disputes regarding their locations. Between 2004 and 2011 there were 914 operators’ certificates granted in New Zealand (New Zealand Government 2012). The PRA itself does not place any limitations regarding the location of brothels but give territorial authorities power to make by-laws concerning the location of brothels (Abel 2014). There have been reported some cases where local authorities have attempted to severely limit the placement onShow MoreRelatedEssay on Legalisation of Prostitution in Queensland2521 Words   |  11 PagesOriginally derived from the Latin word situere, meaning to offer for sale, prostitution describes the offering and provision of sexual services for financial gain. Pickles, (n.d), further describes prostitution as the carrying on of a trade or business by a person who submits her/himself to another for gain or hire for the provision of sexual services. According to the Australian Institute of Family 2008, sex work is broadl y defined as the exchange of sexual services (including oral sex, vaginalRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesTaboo No More?) †¢ New feature: glOBalization! †¢ New Myth or Science? (â€Å"We Are Better Judges of When Others Are Happy Than When They Are Sad†) †¢ Revised introduction to the topic †¢ Review of research on moods and employee attachment †¢ New section on â€Å"moral emotions† †¢ Discussion of emotion regulation strategies and their consequences †¢ New research on gender and emotions †¢ Updated content on emotional displays at work †¢ New section on Emotional Intelligence, with substantially more coverage and a new

Comparison between The Chrysalids and Brave New World free essay sample

In this essay I will compare two novels which deal with similar themes but in significantly different ways: â€Å"The Chrysalids†, a science fiction novel by John Wyndham published in 1955 and â€Å"Brave New World†, a novel by Aldous Huxley published in 1932. The story in â€Å"The Chrysalids† takes place thousands of years in the future in a rural society similar to our world before the invention of modern technology such as telephones, cars, etc. The people in the novel have vague memories of the Old People, a civilization which existed long ago and seems to be similar to our current technologically advanced world. The people in â€Å"The Chrysalids† practice a strict Christian religion with many constraints on what is considered acceptable behaviour. They believe that their ancestors’ civilization was destroyed by God as a punishment, and they must strictly apply God’s laws in order to avoid a similar punishment. The exact nature of God’s â€Å"punishment† is not explained, but there are indications that it was some kind of nuclear war. There are stories told by sailors of blackened, glassy wastes and the remains of faintly glowing cities. The people in the Chrysalids believe that deviations from what is considered â€Å"normal† (i. e. in plants, animals or humans) are the work of the Devil and must be destroyed. This means that human beings who are in any way different to the â€Å"norm† are either killed or sterilised and exiled to the â€Å"Fringes† – a wild area full of animal and plant mutations. The people in this society have little freedom, but there are cases where parents hide abnormalities in their children to protect them, thus reflecting what we would consider â€Å"normal† human feelings. The main character in the storey is David Strorm, a 10 year old boy whose father is a fanatical religious patriarch. David has frequent and vivid dreams of cities and â€Å"horseless carts† which are completely different to his experiences in his world. It soon becomes clear that David (and a few other children) have telepathic powers. They try to conceal their abilities because they know that such unusual abilities would be punished by their community, but eventually some of them are discovered. Like the Chrysalids, â€Å"Brave New World† is a science fiction novel set in the future (AD 2540 or 632 After Ford) and also provides a frightening vision of the future. However, unlike the Chrysalids, the world depicted in â€Å"Brave New World† is technologically advanced. The knowledge of reproductive technology, sleep-learning and psychological manipulation in the society portrayed by the novel greatly exceed current technology and scientific knowledge. Although the novel is set in the future it deals with issues which were relevant in the early 20th century and many of the novels characters are named after famous people (For example, the â€Å"god† in â€Å"Brave New World† is called Ford, and is easily recognized as being named after Henry Ford the inventor of the assembly line). These two novels are quite different, but they address similar themes – i. e. lack of personal freedoms that in our world we take for granted, authoritarian societies and frightening philosophies with the potential to dehumanize us. The society in the Chrysalids is frightening: punishments are violent and brutal and people who are â€Å"different† live in fear of being discovered. In contrast to this, the society in â€Å"Brae New World† appears relatively benign: the people are happy, and there is no need to control the population through violent means. However, in both books the central theme is a lack of freedom. In the Chrysalids (like the novel â€Å"1984† by George Orwell) the authorities enforce compliance with the rules of their society through repressive and sometimes violent means. However, in â€Å"Brave New World† the authorities have no need to enforce the rules (violently or otherwise) because in their society no-one questions the rules. The methods used in â€Å"the Chrysalids† to enforce compliance with the restrictive norms of society are familiar as there have been many repressive governments that have used these methods throughout human history. However, in â€Å"Brave New World† the society presented is more frightening in many ways because people are â€Å"designed† to be passive, content, and unquestioning. In â€Å"the Chrysalids†, people retain â€Å"internal† freedom (to think independently, question the norms of society and dream of a different reality if they are so inclined), but their behaviour is controlled by external forces (i. e. the power of the authorities). In contrast to this, in â€Å"Brave New World†, the people had been deprived of the â€Å"internal† freedom to question whether their society is the best possible. In The Chrysalids people are controlled by fear and violence which inflicts pain. In Brave New World people are controlled by an absence of pain or struggle, and an excess of pleasure and distractions. The primary themes in the Chrysalids are conflict and struggle, while in Brave New World; the main themes are conformity and complacency (with the exception of a few characters whose life experiences, or some mistake in their â€Å"creation†, makes them â€Å"different†). However, both novels warn us of the dangers of society attempting to restrict human ideas and freedom, and seeking to create a â€Å"perfect† society. The nature of human beings is to change and evolve. This is what gives humanity its creativity and endless capacity to rethink old problems and find new solutions.

Next Of Kin Essays (2882 words) - Roger Fouts, Washoe, Nim Chimpsky

Next Of Kin The next of kin a documentation of mind matter and love. This book was very inspirational it gives you a whole new outlook on the experience and the feelings of animals. Trying to relate with how much Roger Fouts has accomplished in his life is unbearable he has had so many experiences that have been recorded in this book. It was the type of book that was hard to put down from the beginning. In the next few pages I will discuss parts of the book that really moved me and left an impression on me. There are so many great parts it was hard to pick just a few to look into. I read this book in the first few weeks of school and re-read in the last two weeks, also I have bought a copy for my sister who is very interested in primate psychology and it has so much information and personal experience in it that it is in a way a textbook for primate psychology. Washoe was an extraordinary animal saved out of NASA by very patient and brilliant people, it was very exciting to see the advancements that she had made throughout the book. Not only her but also the few people that had have been working with her. The Gardner's the first care takers of Washoe was saved by the Gardner's had put a lot of trust into Roger and he proved to be able to accept and work with Washoe from the beginning on. Fouts, started off as a little kid knowing his only monkey to be curious George, never realizing that George was not a monkey but a chimp. Growing up on a farm Fouts was always around many animals tending and working with them. Realizing the importance of the entire animal Fouts than realized the loyalty when his dog brownie had died jumping in front of the tractor to save his fallen brother. The care for animal was in all of the family even the mother who had many old time stories to tell about animal intelligences. A life and environment changing situation had happened when Fouts was about twelve years old and the only ones still in the house out of nine children was him and another brother. Fouts parents packed up the kids and stuff and move to Los Angeles, California. Around this time in his life he was dreaming of becoming a psychologist. Fouts family had a way of not finishing school but become loyal workers, and Fouts was devoted to finishing college, the only one in his family with the intention of getting more schooling was his mother who at age 52 decided to go back to high school and finish, she to was very interest in the healing of the mind which, also was a inspiration for Fouts to pursue this career. When Fouts started his college career at Compton, his intention was to study human psychology but it was required to take animal psychology as well. The very first animal behavior he was thought that they were mindless creatures who rigid behavior, unlike that of Humans, is controlled by instinct. After much schooling Fouts applied to many clinical schools. After time and time again Fouts was denied and was pushed towards a second-tier school in experimental psychology-or rat psych, as it is affectionately known studies of animal in cages. The University of Nevada accepted Fouts in to their experimental psychology program. Time goes on and Fouts get the cal to change the rest of his life, the call was from a Dr. Paul Secord, telling Fouts "Teaching a chimpanzee to talk," with disbelief roger replied back "what", and the Dr. repeated himself. Fouts went on to take it in with full stride just trying to get his foot in the door, with his main intention of working with kids this entire time. Ready for the job Fouts had one more task into getting the job, and that task was getting through to a very strict man called Allen Gardner. Fouts had taken many courses in animal psychology and statistics. To Garner this was just garbage he didn't believe that everything was to be solved in a laboratory that animal

The Norton Introduction to Literature Essay Essay Example

The Norton Introduction to Literature Essay Essay Example The Norton Introduction to Literature Essay Paper The Norton Introduction to Literature Essay Paper â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† was written by Theodore Roethke in XXXX. Many critics believe that â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† lacks the strength of Roethke’s subsequently works like â€Å"The Lost Son† and â€Å"The North American Sequence. † However. this peculiar verse form is one of Roethke’s most good loved. read. and discussed pieces of poesy. The narrator’s equivocal relation of his father’s walk-in causes drastically different readings of the exact significance of the verse form. Many people claim that it is a stamp verse form of a positive interaction between a male parent and boy and a joyful childhood memory. While still others believe that it is a sad retelling of the maltreatment of a kid by his drunken male parent. â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† is a solid illustration of how poesy can be greatly influenced by the reader’s yesteryear. It was Roethke’s end to make a piece of prose which was non his alone but belong besides to the reader and his/her personal experience. He leaves the verse form unfastened for reading by the usage of several literary devices. The fraudulence of significance in â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† is supported by Roethke’s usage of metre. initial rhyme. and apposition of images. â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† offers such strikingly different responses from readers that frequently the proficient grace of Roethke is overlooked. This verse form is short in length it is rich in several traditional and rigorous attacks to poetry. Alliteration is when the initial sounds of words are similar and topographic point together. In line 4. â€Å"Such waltzing was non easy. † Here the repeat of the soft â€Å"w† contrasts the simile of decease used in line 3. The initial rhyme gives the feeling that the walk-in peaceable nevertheless when combined with the thought of decease. it is clear that the walk-in is â€Å"not easy† . â€Å"My mother’s visage / Could non unfrown itself† ( lines 7-8 ) has the initial rhyme of the difficult â€Å"c† sound. Compared that difficult sound to the joyful stanza it is found in. The â€Å"c† becomes a mark of cautiousness and caution. In lines 9-10. â€Å"The manus that held my wrist / Was battered on one metacarpophalangeal joint ; â€Å" the arrangement of the words manus and held together make a soft sound which contrasts the image of the â€Å"battered metacarpophalangeal joint. † The usage of initial rhyme allows the reader to construe the actions within the verse form as blithe or opprobrious. Image is another literary device used to make fraudulence of significance. The images of â€Å"dancing† together. a positive interaction. juxtaposed by the bruised brass knuckss is implicative of force. This negative reading is farther supported by the image of the male parent keeping non the son’s manus but his carpus. This is a much more aggressive act than manus keeping and gives the feeling that possibly the kid is being forced to dance. In lines 13-14. â€Å"You all in clip on my caput / With a thenar caked hard by soil. † is one time once more an image of force. It is obvious that the storyteller could intend â€Å"keep time† alternatively of â€Å"beat time† . In which instance. the image suggest a male parent playing the membranophones lightly on his son’s caput. However. the debut of the word â€Å"beat† creates a unsmooth tone to the lines and mentions in sound the word â€Å"battered â€Å" from line 10. Meter allows the reader a pick of what the verse form genuinely means. The true accomplishment of Rothke’s metre is frequently missed if â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† is non read out loud. Roethke uses forms of syllables to parallel the existent motion of the walk-in. For illustration in line 1-2. â€Å"The whisky on your breath / Could do a little male child dizzy ; † but should be read with the following emphasizes â€Å"The whisky on your breath / Could do a little male child dizzy† . The metre continues as above and rime strategy traditionally known as iambic trimeter. However. in line 11. mid manner through the verse form and go oning throughout the remainder of the verse form the metre is somewhat different from the walk-in. Roethke here is seeking to mirror the visual aspect of a rummy adult male seeking to make the walk-in. In line 14. there is a complete interruption in the beat of the verse form because there is an excess syllable. The word â€Å"hard† is non necessary at all. Remove hard from the line. and it still makes sense. The break of metre which mirrors the units of three that compose the walk-in draws attending to that line. The reader must oppugn why is the writer giving that line particular attending. One decision is that the verse form is non about a boy dancing with his tipsy male parent but with a kid digesting regular physical maltreatment. Another point of view is that it represents another cockamamie trip by the male parent that the boy enjoys. Through the usage of several literary devices Roethke creates a piece of poesy which is technically perfect and thematically equivocal. Alliteration was used to make double significance by partner offing soft sounds with rough images. Images of stamp minutes between male parent and boy were juxtaposed with violently aggressive words. The verse form parallels the existent stairss of the walk-in which contrasts striking with the thick actions of a rummy male parent. With the usage of initial rhyme. images. and metre. Roethke allows the poesy to be ill-defined which forces the reader to do up his ain head about the content and subject of the verse form. One of the ends of modern literature and hence modern writers was non to simply depict their environments or their emotions. But to animate. evoke. and allure the reader. Roethke’s wanted to non merely make his audience but include his audience in the creative activity of the poesy. Surely. by composing â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† which offers double significance. he allows for all his readers to derive a different apprehension of his authorship. He effects readers with a great childhood by composing a verse form which is lighthearted and nostalgic for their younger old ages. He besides effects readers who have some signifier of maltreatment in their childhood’s by guaranting them by the retelling of his narrative that they are non entirely in their experiences. The most of import influence of â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† is it’s ability to excite conversation and argument between different readers. It is in the absence of pick by the writer that allows the freedom of pick for the audience. Roethke’s breathes new life into the oldest subject in literature – visual aspect versus world. In life really few things are of all time as they appear. Peoples. relationships. and memory are multi-layered and highly complicated. Possibly Roethke’s true purpose was to make a piece of composing which explores the equivocal nature of memory and suggests that retrieving is neither good or bad and but a simple combination of both. Plants Cited Roethke. Theodore. â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz. † The Norton Introduction to Literature. 6th erectile dysfunction. Ed. Carl E. Bain. et al. New York: W. W. Norton and Company. 1995. 769.

A Guide on Writing a Motivation Letter for the Internship

A Guide on Writing a Motivation Letter for the Internship A Guide on Writing a Motivation Letter for the Internship A motivation letter or an essay is a very challenging assignment, as it may play an important part in your future and career. With its help, you can express yourself and show that you are a perfect candidate for a particular internship or position. There may be tens or even hundreds of applicants for the same program and the committee should want to see why you differ from the rest only by reading your CV and motivation letter. It should be not only catchy and intriguing but also show your skills, knowledge and aspirations, hiding all the possible imperfections. Some students may also be asked to complete such a letter after finishing their internship, which can be even more challenging than the one you write at the beginning. Such a personal statement should cover the whole time of you being an intern, your personal and academic achievements and much more. Topics, which you can discuss, may include: Describe a situation, where you played the leading part and managed to solve it successfully; Express how a particular program corresponds with your personal and academic goals; What skills, classes or experience make you the best candidate for the internship? It doesn’t matter what type of a topic you need to discuss, as they all centered around your personality and achievements, which will contribute to the internship and college you are applying to. Helpful tips If you stress out about completing a motivation letter, don’t worry too much and consider it a regular application essay. All you need to do is to give the committee a reason to select you and see that you have qualifications and personal achievements, necessary for the program. Here are a few tips, which will make your motivation essay perfect: Start your letter with a hook. It can be a sentence or even a paragraph, which will catch attention of the reader. The committee should be intrigued and want to learn more about you. Imagine how many essays they are going to read, so try to be interesting and different. You can start with examples, interesting facts or personal achievements, related to the subject; You should not only concentrate on the things, which you will obtain while being an intern but also on the things, which can be useful for the college. Try to explain why choosing you would be a great benefit for the college, university or company; As any other essay, your letter should have a thesis statement. It is very important, as it gives direction for your letter and gives the reader a chance to see what you stand on. Try to compose a sentence or two, describing the key features you possess and the main reasons, which motivated you to apply to the particular internship; Don’t rewrite your CV. You will attach it to your application, so there is no need to mention the same things over and over again. You should better demonstrate your motivation, potential and reasoning, instead of listing brief and boring facts of your bio; Try to avoid common phrases. There are many words, which most of the students use and which already have no value for the reader. For example, ‘I am a motivated team-player’ or ‘I want to gain experience in the field of interest’. It is better to describe more concrete qualities and skills you want to learn from the program; Be serious about the internship. Even if it is a part time program, which doesn’t have any fees, you need to be respectful and prove that you will take it seriously. A great advice is to take it as your job and consider an important step towards your future career; Don’t neglect guidelines. We understand how tempting it may be to show your creativity, trying to stand out from the rest. However, this doesn’t work with formatting and you need to stick to all the requirements about margins, fonts, spacing and so on. Don’t forget about the proper size of the paper. If else is not indicated, it is usually not more than 500 words long.

Organizational Culture and Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Organizational Culture and Ethics - Essay Example Critically evaluate this case in the context of the organization’s culture. How were Enron's business ethics and business operations influenced by the organization’s culture? Specifically, what went wrong? The company, i.e. Enron, experienced a sharp decline which ultimately resulted in its collapse. Senior executives of Enron, namely Kenneth Lay, Jeffrey Skilling and Andrew Fastow, were repeatedly found to appear in the cover story of various business magazines. Kenneth Lay was the earliest Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Enron who was quite well known for introducing an effective innovative structure in Enron, which helped it to survive in the initial years (Scribd Inc., 2012). The visitors entering the head office of the company situated at Smith Street in downtown Houston often were attracted by a striking poster in front of the office. The banner related to the company’s R.I.C.E principle, i.e. Respect, Integrity, Communication and Excellence. It was often believed by the visitors that the principles of the company reflected its corporate culture. However, in reality Enron hardly shared any association with the stated principles. In 1985, Enron was formed by the merger of two natural gas companies situated in Houston. This union was mainly debt-financed, which implies that Enron initiated its corporate life with a large amount of debt. Therefore, from the beginning, Enron was considered as a company which exemplified high risk. Enron operated under high business risks which were mainly encountered from the highly competitive and deregulated natural gas market. Subsequently, the company also witnessed a high financial risk owing to the merger which was persuaded by heavy debt loads (Macmillan, 2005). The business functions of Enron were operated by freshly hired business management graduates from the leading business schools of the United States. These skilled employees promised the company instant earning of profits as well as carried out the business under advanced form of operations. The Performance Review Committee (PRC) developed and sustained Enron’s corporate culture (Scribd Inc., 2012). Enron Corporation was a leading American energy company situated in Houston, Texas. The company operated with 21,000 workers and was one of the largest international providers of natural gas, electricity, pulp & paper along with communication. Enron performed quite well in the market and earned $110.9 million in 2000. The company enjoyed a high value or price for its shares along with gaining an effective position in the market. The various workers and staff of the company were quite satisfied and it was also found that qualified and skilled individuals preferred to work with Enron. Enron earned a higher degree of success which further gave rise to grave issues within the organizational operations. Enron made the decision of transforming their organizational structure by recruiting new employees in the higher positi ons, who were entitled to make big decisions regarding the company’s business operations, which entailed the chances of directly

Stereotype Logic and Programming Paper Assignment

Stereotype Logic and Programming Paper - Assignment Example The current paper critically discusses three stereotypes encountered in life and the effects they can have on others. The common stereotype about bullying is that the perpetrator is always a big, dumb and violent boy, while the victim is smaller and weaker. This notion is embedded in traditional views among schoolchildren that bullying is a rite of passage. From a social perspective, prejudice bullying is viewed as a social crisis deeply rooted in the wider social discourse with individuals justifying the use of negative behavior towards an out-group (Boyle, 2005). Traditionally, bullies were seen as having high self-esteem and those who did not do it were viewed as weak. The bullying stereotypes are largely based on the traditional perception that circumstances of imbalance of power must exist for bullying to occur. Other arguments include the perception that bullies struggle with academics and are socially detached. However, a critical analysis suggests that these arguments are mis taken. With the increased use of social networking sites, the nature of bullying has changed dramatically. Information and communication technology enables people to harm others using text messages via cell phones, emails or via social sites. Girls have become cyber-bullies and the traditional view that the perpetrator is stronger and bigger is becoming more obscure. Bullying is now not limited to schools or to people we know. Any one with a harmful intent can bully. The bully must not have any physical advantage in terms of body size or any other form of leverage. A common gender stereotype is that women are not good in competitive sports. Gender stereotypes are biased generalizations about the roles of individuals based on gender attributes. A predominant view about women is that they are generally poor in competitive sports. The main argument for this stereotype is based on traditional perceptions and beliefs about gender roles and sexuality. Other arguments are based on the fact that different performance measures and fitness levels are administered for female athletes. On the contrary, women are as good as men in competitive sports. While women and girls comprise a large part of the population, popular media do not cover women sports as equally as they cover men’s sports (Center for Gender Equality, 2006). Gender stereotyping is common in televised sports, hence, cementing the notion that women are sex objects and humorous fans, but not athletes. The Center for Gender Equality (2006) asserts that gender stereotypes and socialization contribute to the traditional gender roles of women and men, with the media playing a critical role in perpetuating this perception. One of the common stereotypes about old people and aging is that they are lonely and conservative homebodies, who live with relatives. This stereotype is perpetuated via the traditional patterns of behavior associated with Christianity, a predominant religion in our area. The arguments are based on the perception that terminally old people are heavily incapacitated by diseases and depend on other before death. Such generalizations affect the behavior and experiences of old people. People can be persuaded to believe they are elderly, even when they are still healthy and capable of taking care of themselves. More importantly, stereotypes about aging are constructed many years before individuals actually become old. On the contrary, there is a strong association between health and wellbeing. A critical analysis suggests the ‘lonely’ stereotype emanates from the fact that many old people live in houses with relatives. However, old people have a diverse social networking established throughout the years. This

Changing the age of gambling Essay Example for Free

Changing the age of gambling Essay Everyone has gambled something in their life; it could be betting your baseball cards to see who can eat the most slices of pizza, or who is paying for soft drinks as each races to the nearest QuikTrip when you were kids. But why at the age eighteen, when we are considered adult citizens, do they restrict our rights to gamble in most casinos? If they restricted our rights to gamble, what would be next on their agenda? We need to put a stop to it now, by taking that step to re-evaluate the gambling age at twenty-one. The legalization of gambling at the age of eighteen would bring unity throughout the states, state revenue, and job opportunities. If the United States legalizes the age of gambling to eighteen it would unify all the states and discard all confusion about the age of gambling. Our neighbor from the north, Canada, has legalized gambling to the age of eighteen and prospered vastly from it. Currently, there are casinos in Las Vegas, Atlantic City, etc. that are for the ages of twenty-one. But on the contrary, there are currently casinos on cruises and Indian reservations that are for the ages of eighteen (United 22). If America wanted to set an example for all the countries around the world, they must show more consistency with their own policies. Changing the age of gambling uniformly throughout the states has more benefits than disadvantages. The main argument against changing the gambling age was the addiction that it would bring to the people. The addiction of gambling would ruin lives and bring separation between their families (Morris 14). But why all of sudden does the government care about ruining peoples lives and separation between families? Take for instance, all the lives the government ruined through wrongfully accusing victims that are sitting in prison for no apparent reason. Also, look at how unjust that as an eighteen year old adult can serve for our country and risk their lives by being separated from our family but are still not allowed to gamble. The government does not need to put so much restriction on the minor problems, with this resolution it would allow them to focus on the major issues in the United States today. The unification of the gambling age like Canada has vastly increased the economy with casinos. Gambling in Canada has a net economic benefit that was equivalent to $3. 044 billion in 1995, up from $526 million in the 1990 economy (Council 3). Casinos in Las Vegas made $6. 1 billion in revenue since the first one opened (Council 5). Las Vegas revenue would easily triple if the legal gambling age was changed to eighteen. There tends to be casinos on Indian reservation that was for eighteen year olds and seemed very busy. Not only do they make money, but a large amount of the money was made from eighteen year olds who are attracted from surrounding cities according to one of the blackjack dealers. When the Aztar Casino opened up in Evansville, Indiana, gambling opponents feared that it would increase crime rates and encourage prostitution in the state. One would almost say that they were disappointed when their prophecies didnt prove true (Morris 19). The statistics have failed to support either the claim that the casino has caused a crime increase or any other negative expectations. As more states allowed gambling casinos in the past decade, the consensus was that casinos lowered the crime rate in the communities in which they were located. Lobbyists, developers and management pointed to studies showing dips in the crime rate after a flurry of casino construction in the 1990s (Morris 19). Casinos would become busier with the change of age to legally gamble and in return hire more positions. The gambling industry has become a major employer in most provinces in Canada, employment in the gaming industry increased from 11,900 to 39,200, an increase of 330% (Earl 7), and in Las Vegas every casino has at least 4000 employees (Earl 8). According to the 2000 census, there are about 1. 1 million eighteen year olds in the United States. Casinos would gain more business and hire more employees because of the increased business. People gambled for a variety of reasons, whether for a break from their daily lives, the thrills of the chase, or the challenge of beating the odds. Gambling should not be restricted to a certain age or to a certain area. If we legalized the age of gambling to eighteen we would bring unity throughout the states. Changing the gambling age to eighteen could maximize the states revenues through people being employed and people constantly visiting. There should be a change of the gambling age to eighteen because this policy would restrict and violate our rights as citizens within the United States. Works Cited Council of State Governments, Gambling; A Source of State Revenue Lexington: RM, 1973. Earl L. Grinols, Gambling in America: Cost and Benefits New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Morris Ploscowe and Edwin J. Lukas, Gambling: American Academy of Political and Social Science Philadelphia: Annals, 1950. United States Congress: Senate- Select Committee on Indian Affairs, Gambling on Indian Reservations and Lands Washington D. C. : G. P. O. , 1985.

Wounded Knee :: American America History

Wounded Knee Wounded Knee was a terrible event in US history. It showed how the US government didn't understand the Native Americans and treated them badly and unfairly. Big Foot was the chief of a subtribe of the Lakota called Miniconjou. He was very old and had pneumonia. He was taking his tribe to the Pine Ridge Reservation in south-western South Dakota. Most of the women and children in Big Foot's tribe were family members of the warriors who had died in the Plains wars. The Indians had agreed to live on small reservations after the US government took away their land. At the Wounded Knee camp, there were 120 men and 230 women and children. At the camp, they were guarded by the US Seventh Cavalry lead by Major Samuel Whitside. During the year 1890 a new dance called the Ghost Dance started among the Sioux and other tribes. The Sioux's Christ figure, Wovoka, was said to have flown over Sitting Bull and Short Bull and taught them the dance and the songs. The Ghost Dance legend was that the next spring, when the grass was high, the Earth would be covered with a new layer of soil, covering all white men. Wild buffalo and horses would return and there would be swift running water, sweet grass, and new trees. All Indians who danced the Ghost dance would be floating in the air when the new soil was being laid down and would be saved. The Gh ost Dance was made illegal after the Wounded Knee massacre though. On December 28, 1890 the Seventh Cavalry saw Big Foot moving his tribe and Big Foot immediately put up a white flag. Major Samuel Whitside captured the Indians and took them to an army camp near the Pine Ridge reservation at Wounded Knee. Whitside took Bigfoot on his wagon because it was more comfortable and warmer, and Big Foot was sick. Whitside had orders to take the Indians to a military prison in Omaha the next day, but it never happened. That night Colonel James W. Forsyth took over. The Cavalry provided the Indians with tents that night because it was cold and there was a blizzard coming. The next day, December 29, 1890, the Cavalry gave the Indians hardtack for breakfast. There was a seize of arms and the soldiers took all the Indian's guns away. A medicine man named Yellow Bird told the Indians to resist the soldiers and not give up the guns, he did a few steps of the Ghost Dance.

Ecological Threats Essay

A cycle is a series of change which comes back to the starting point and which can be repeated.[1][2] The term â€Å"biogeochemical† tells us that biological, geological and chemical factors are all involved. The circulation of chemical nutrients like carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, and water etc. through the biological and physical world are known as biogeochemical cycles. In effect, the element is recycled, although in some cycles there may be places (called reservoirs) where the element is accumulated or held for a long period of time (such as an ocean or lake for water).[1][2] Water, for example, is always recycled through the water cycle, as shown in the diagram. The water undergoes evaporation, condensation, and precipitation, falling back to Earth clean and fresh. Elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another through the biogeochemical cycles. Systems Chloroplasts conduct photosynthesis and are found in plant cells and other eukaryotic organisms. These are Chloroplasts visible in the cells of Plagiomnium affine — Many-fruited Thyme-moss. Ecological systems also known as ecosystems have many biogeochemical cycles operating as a part of the system, for example the water cycle, the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle, etc. All chemical elements occurring in organisms are part of biogeochemical cycles. In addition to being a part of living organisms, these chemical elements also cycle through abiotic factors of ecosystems such as water (hydrosphere), land (lithosphere), and/or the air (atmosphere).[3] The living factors of the planet can be referred to collectively as the biosphere. All the nutrients—such as carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur—used in ecosystems by living organisms are a part of a closed system; therefore, these chemicals are recycled instead of being lost and replenished constantly such as in an open system.[3] The flow of energy in an ecosystem is an open system; the sun constantly gives the planet energy in the form of light while it is eventually used and lost in the form of heat throughout the trophic levels of a food web. Carbon is used to make carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, the major sources of food energy. These compounds are oxidized to release carbon dioxide, which can be captured by plants to make organic compounds. The chemical reaction is powered by the light energy of the sun. It is possible for an ecosystem to obtain energy without sunlight. Carbon must be combined with hydrogen and oxygen in order to be utilized as an energy source, and this process depends on sunlight. Ecosystems in the deep sea, where no sunlight can penetrate, use sulfur. Hydrogen sulfide near hydrothermal vents can be utilized by organisms such as the giant tube worm. In the sulfur cycle, sulfur can be forever recycled as a source of energy. Energy can be released through the oxidation and reduction of sulfur compounds (e.g., oxidizing elemental sulfur to sulfite and then to sulfate). Although the Earth constantly receives energy from the sun, its chemical composition is essentially fixed, as additional matter is only occasionally added by meteorites. Because this chemical composition is not replenished like energy, all processes that depend on these chemicals must be recycled.

Deprivation as a Result of Poverty Essay

Slums in Mumbai are only a reflection of many facets of poverty. The movie Slumdog Millionaire directed by Danny Boyle is an ideal portrayal of the harsh lives of children on the wrong side of India who experience the bitterness of poverty. Despite the unjust peculiarities and sorrows created by poverty, people are still hopeful on their future and still have lust for life. Dharavi is a perfect example of slum area. Slum area is generally defined as informal and low class settlements often found in the cities. â€Å"Dharavi is a sprawling, chaotic place of precariously-built brick houses, bamboo and corrugated iron-roofed huts, milky cess pits, greasy fried food stalls and noisy, dusty workshops† with unreasonably many number of population (â€Å"Slum in Mumbai† 2009). Their illegal settlements deprived them of public services such as water sewage and medical assistance. Moreover, their massive population encourages fornication, street gangs or other forms of violence, health problems, homelessness and thus poverty. The level of poverty experienced in the Slums of Mumbai is not only manifested in the shortest of common or basic needs such as food, clothing, shelter and safe drinking water. But poverty also deprived them of many opportunities such as the education, high paying careers and updated modernity. Children and youth under the state of poverty instead of participating in community and social services for their individual growth and learning will be forced to work at a very early age to provide for their family. Thus spiritual, emotional and intellectual growth is relatively slower compared to those youngsters expose to different learning communities/ activities. People who live in poverty often perceive themselves as hopeless individuals and unconsciously see themselves as victims of capitalism. They often have a bad impression towards government and social institutions believing that their services are unfairly distributed for the people like them. As a result, they are the one prone to rebellious activities against the government. They are often putted into a situation where they make impulsive decisions for the sake of survival that will only serve to further complicate their lives. This may include considering crime as an acceptable or justifiable alternative for physical survival. Ultimately, their value system and moral standard will be greatly affected. Poverty may cause disunity inside the family and community as a whole. Example of this is the increasing number of single mothers and separated parents because couples can’t live by love alone. Poverty may lead to encountering many mental and psychological problems because and anxieties and different levels of depression. The effects of poverty all over the world especially on slum areas show inequalities and disparities between the rich and the poor. It is not only a reflection of their own wrongdoings but also a reflection of mismanagement in governance and unequal distribution of wealth and resources. Moreover, poverty especially in Asia is also a reflection of cultural causes which exercise their life in conformity to their tradition and religion. The United Nations and various social institutions though are working hand in hand to at least lessen poverty since everybody deserves a decent life. . (2009). â€Å"Slum in Mumbai†. The Star Online. Retrieved on February 17, 2009 from http://thestar. com. my/lifestyle/story. asp? file=/2009/2/16/lifefocus/3092984&sec=lifef

Free Essays on History Of Music

History Of Music Music has been around sense the dawn of time. When man first started to discover music it was not the kind of music we have today. All it consisted of was grunts, moans, and banging things. Music has evolved just as much as the people that created it. From Chromagnum men to musician and from grunting too classical music, rock, and rap. The first people imitated music from nature. They mimicked the sound from their every day life. It had no rhythm, beat, or tune it was just noise, but later turned into what we now call music. Ancient people used music for much more than entertainment they used it in every day life. They would yell and scream during battle, blow a horn as a warning, have ceremonies to honor the dead or bring the rain, signal danger, to show your importance in society, it was also used as a healing power. On the front lines of battle would be a soldier that would be holding a drum or a flute. When this was a common act the instruments would be spread around to different cultures after a battle. This brought on a new way of looking at music. Around the 16th century people started to collect instead of play music. A persons hands and feet were the first of all the instruments and is still the most common, because every one has them. A persons hands and feet were readily available, and easy to use. The drum is the second most common percussion instrument. Like most of the other instruments the drum was found by accident when someone hit a hallow log with a stick. The hallowed out stumps then became drums that were decorated. Drums were used for war or for signaling over long distances. The drum was a common instrument because it was so easy to use; all they had to do was strike it. The second percussion instrument was the rattle. The rattle was found later in the time when humans started to grow plants. It was found accidentally when someone picked up a dried out gourd of some sort... Free Essays on History Of Music Free Essays on History Of Music History Of Music Music has been around sense the dawn of time. When man first started to discover music it was not the kind of music we have today. All it consisted of was grunts, moans, and banging things. Music has evolved just as much as the people that created it. From Chromagnum men to musician and from grunting too classical music, rock, and rap. The first people imitated music from nature. They mimicked the sound from their every day life. It had no rhythm, beat, or tune it was just noise, but later turned into what we now call music. Ancient people used music for much more than entertainment they used it in every day life. They would yell and scream during battle, blow a horn as a warning, have ceremonies to honor the dead or bring the rain, signal danger, to show your importance in society, it was also used as a healing power. On the front lines of battle would be a soldier that would be holding a drum or a flute. When this was a common act the instruments would be spread around to different cultures after a battle. This brought on a new way of looking at music. Around the 16th century people started to collect instead of play music. A persons hands and feet were the first of all the instruments and is still the most common, because every one has them. A persons hands and feet were readily available, and easy to use. The drum is the second most common percussion instrument. Like most of the other instruments the drum was found by accident when someone hit a hallow log with a stick. The hallowed out stumps then became drums that were decorated. Drums were used for war or for signaling over long distances. The drum was a common instrument because it was so easy to use; all they had to do was strike it. The second percussion instrument was the rattle. The rattle was found later in the time when humans started to grow plants. It was found accidentally when someone picked up a dried out gourd of some sort...

The Complete Teachers Guide to Discipline Referrals

The Complete Teacher's Guide to Discipline Referrals Classroom management and student discipline play a significant role in the daily duties of an educator. Those teachers who have a good handle on these practices find that they can spend more time teaching and less time managing their students.  Every discipline infraction serves as a distraction of some sort for all involved. Effective teachers can resolve an issue quickly and appropriately with minimal disruption of the learning process. Managing Discipline Referrals in the Classroom Teachers must be careful that they do not make a mountain out of a molehill.  They must manage and evaluate a situation correctly. If the situation warrants a discipline referral, then the student should be sent to the office. A teacher should never send a student to the office simply because they need a break or dont want to deal with it.  Students must be held accountable for their actions. However, complete reliance on the principal for handling all discipline issues is indicative of a failure to effectively manage a classroom on the teachers part. It is important to note that it works the opposite way as well. If a teacher never sends a student to the office, then they are not taking full advantage of the resources available to them. A teacher should never refuse to send a student to the office simply because they are worried about what their principal thinks. Sometimes making a discipline referral is necessary and the right decision. Most administrators understand this and will not think anything about it if you occasionally refer a student to them. For these reasons, every principal should develop a simple guide to discipline referrals for their teachers to follow. This guide should indicate what offenses should be dealt with in the classroom by the teacher and which offenses should result in a discipline referral. This guide to discipline referrals will eliminate guessing by the teacher and ultimately makes the principals job easier. Handling Minor Disciplinary Offenses The following offenses should be handled by the teachers themselves. In most cases retraining the students in procedures will be sufficient, though establishing and following through with classrooms consequences will help reinforce and minimize re-occurrences. A student should not be sent to the office for violating a single offense. These offenses are assumed to be of a minor nature. It is important to note that one of these minor issues can become major when it recurs on a regular basis. If this is the case and the teacher has exhausted an array classroom management and discipline techniques including contact of parents, they should go ahead and refer them to the office. Possession of gum, candy, toys, radios, etc.Passing notes.Failure to follow procedures.Cheating on daily assignments.Failure to bring appropriate materials to class.Petty conflicts among students.Disruptive behavior in the classroom, which is of a minor nature.Missing assigned teacher detention the first scheduled time.Not working in class after parent contact.Tardiness to class (first two occurrences).Use of electronic telecommunication devices for non-educational purposes (i.e. texting, social media, etc.) Handling Major Disciplinary Offenses The following offenses should result in an automatic referral to the office for discipline - NO EXCEPTIONS. Blatant disrespect towards the teacher.Bullying another student.Cheating on a quiz, test, or exam.Missing detention twice after parent contact.TheftLeaving class without permission.Obscene language or gesture.FightingObscene pictures or literature.Vandalism.Smoking and/or possession of smoking materials or tobacco.Possession, consumption, sale, or being under the influence of alcohol or drugs.Possession of fireworks, matches, lighter, or another caustic device.Verbal abuse of adults or students.Open defiance/insubordination.Threats by word or deed. Many students never have serious discipline problems. This list will serve as a guideline for teachers who do have policy violations by students in their classrooms. The teacher should use fair and appropriate judgment in the exercise of any discipline. The goal of any teachers disciplinary actions should be to prevent the inappropriate behavior from occurring again. In all cases, the administrator will have the flexibility to respond differently to various situations. The frequency, intensity, and duration of the misconduct are factors that influence the possible consequences.

The Current Strategic Position of Amazon com Essay

The Current Strategic Position of Amazon com - Essay Example The web guides in countries like Japan, Korea, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and many others, it has been able to reach out to an international internet audience. Moreover, its business associates are also swelling in ranks and may now be more than 900,000 members in over 150 counties of the world. Its strategic alliance with Dell Computers in co-branding endeavors has also yielded excellent results. Dell main strategic position has been due to its fundamental, or core concept, of devising a long-term strategy for its company, and all its efforts are being directed towards achieving a robust long-term leadership in this field. Current strategy: Its current strategy is seen in terms of achieving market leadership on a long-term basis by a portfolio of judicious investments that could consolidate its position and brand image in the global markets. Internet business is subject to ill effects of market vicissitudes, which strike without notice, and companies need to take previous safeguards to alleviate, if not eliminate the detrimental effects of such risks and threats. Problems facing amazon.com : The main issues that are now being faced by amazon.com are firstly, in terms of whether their present business model could be successfully implemented during the next five years of the company’s lifetime, or should grassroots changes need to be institutionalized to keep pace with market demands and changing business environments. Secondly, the idea of catering a large number of products and services to all strata of customers needs to be reviewed or not, and what the future holds for this kind of marketing strategies. Thirdly, it also needs to look into the matter of how marketing innovative techniques and methods could be successfully evolved to meet future leadership challenges, and how this could lead to increased levels of consumer satisfaction. Finally, whether the image of being an internet Wal Mart could be successfully sustained in the years to come.

Critically assess how packaging, branding and design provide Essay

Critically assess how packaging, branding and design provide competitive advantage for the Brewdog portfolio - Essay Example Whatever it is that the Marketing group plans shall determine the organization’s success in the industry. The ability of the said in-charged group in making amends for the organization’s ability to make it within the industrial competition in the business world shall make it possible for the business to make a considerable reputation that could attract the clients who are being targeted by the said organization. This is particularly the reason why business organizations both large-scale and small-scale make it a point that the marketing procedures that they carry on for the sake of business progression is given careful attention and as well as an ample amount of investment. Particularly, marketing is a business branch that sets the path for the organization as to how they are supposed to trod the journey of success in the industry that they are dealing with. The intensity of the procedures taken by marketing experts particularly pertains to the quality of the advertising procedures that the organization ought to take into consideration for actual operational purposes. It is in this particular sector of the organization that the fast release or distribution of the services or the products offered by the organization towards the clients could be determined. In this particular case, BrewDog Beers marketing approach shall be examined as to how well the company is able to fit within the competing arena of huge brewery organizations around the world as they introduce their branded product to the target market that they are aiming to serve. How does the internet applications help in this particular goal of creating a feasible environment of marketing to the target consumers that they are aiming their products to be distributed to. With huge and well-known breweries already operating in the market, BrewDog is certain to have the need to get in the market with the use of effective marketing tools to make it in the said field of

Inventory Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Inventory Management - Essay Example Inventory items usually consist of the goods, raw materials and finished products. All of these items are seen as money or profit for the owner of any specific organization. Campbell (2007) states that keeping track of raw materials, works-in-process and finished products are obviously critical to a companys bottom line. The aims and objectives of the research regarding inventory management are to analyze various issues which are associated with the inventory management process in any specific organization. Another purpose is to talk about the importance and significance of these issues in the process of inventory management. The plan of the report is that those matters or issues, which influence the inventory management process of any company or organization, will be critically examined and studied in order to see their impact on the inventory control and management system and suitable solutions will be found in order to properly tackle any sort of issue that may appear in the organization regarding the process of inventory management. If we talk about the importance of inventory management system, we can say that inventory management is the root cause for the success of any company or organization. Zierden (2009) states that to be successful in today’s market, dealers need to have concrete inventory strategies and processes in place. If the company contains required amount of inventory items in the stock, the company never faces a demand-supply problem. Demand-supply issue always occur when the company gets out of stock and when the inventory stock level of the company is balanced, the company will never face the issue of less stock and high demand. Muller (2003) found that balanced inventories are very important for the companies because all companies, whether they are medium sized or a large sized organization, inventory management is the key to productivity and success. Piasecki (2003) found that

Customer Service Essay Example for Free

Customer Service Essay 1. The key concepts and topics in this course that have made me a stronger candidate to continue in the business world would be what I have learned from the units dealing with: Diversity, Customer Behavior, Customer Loyalty, and Exceptional Service: I have learned that customer comments, good or bad should always be taken into consideration, addressed and handled appropriately. Comments can provide insight to the thought process of the customer and it could help improve not only the customer service department but the product as well. The success of a company relies on the customer. Relationship Building and Solving Customer Problems: Satisfied customers will remain customers until there is a better option offered to them. Loyal customers establish an emotional connection with a business and/or company. Their loyalty is motivated by their experience with the products and the service. Customer service is what a company or business provides; customer loyalty is the result of the service. Extraordinary approaches to customer service is to go beyond the customer’s satisfaction, and make every attempt to surpass the customer’s expectations every time. A company earns customer loyalty by molding the shopping experience to the needs of the customer. Customers have a tendency to patronize companies that interactive with them in a positive, meaningful, personal manner. Many companies offer their customers loyalty programs such as; reward programs. This method can ensure a company keeps their current customer base and entices possible new customers. The Impact of Communication Styles on Customer Services:  A business cannot afford to lose customers because of a lack of customer service, but many do. Customers remember how they are treated and pass the word along, good or bad. Once a customer has been treated poorly they are likely not to return to buy from that business again, even if that business has what they need. When customers are satisfied, it is probable that they will spend more on the product or service and keep returning to that business. Customer service representatives (CSRs) play a big role in keeping, and bringing customers to a business. That is why it is essential to train customer service representatives in effective communications styles and skills because they are the liaison between the customer and the business. The CSR’s communication skills can impact the decision of a customer’s loyalty and the right communication style can be helpful in avoiding conflicts. Communication styles are methods in which a particular individual converses with another individual. Great service requires effective communication styles, and skills. Having a combination of these elements will guarantee that the right message is conveyed in a way that ensures the customer receives and understands it correctly and as intended. 2. Discuss how this course has affected you in your professional development as a student and as a person as well as encouraging you on your academic path. This was a very beneficial, educational and informative class. I have chosen the legal  field, more specifically, paralegal studies. I currently work for a bankruptcy law firm and I have learned a great deal since I have been employed there. I have 30 plus years work experience and a great work ethic. With what I have learned in this class, my work ethic, and common sense, I believe I will be successful as a paralegal. I have learned the importance of maintaining professionalism. This class has reinforced my desire to continue in the legal field and has helped me in interacting with clients, co-workers and the attorneys I currently work with. My skills in listening, communicating, observing and relationship building have improved by taking this class. I would recommend a class in customer service, regardless of the professional field one decides to enter into. I believe it would be very insightful and valuable.

I Never Promised You a Rose Garden by Joanne Greenberg Essay example --

I Never Promised You a Rose Garden by Joanne Greenberg   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The cold tone of this story starts out right in the beginning and her mother and father are quite distraught because of the daughter’s illness and the fact that they must trust the doctors; they seem to not trust anyone. They even told their own family that Deborah is at convalescent school, not a mental institution. Of course the time period of the book is much earlier than now so it is more understandable why they were upset. Hopefully parents now are less ignorant and would try and be proud of their child to willingly get help. It would be too harsh however to say that Deborah’s parents did not do the best that they could, they just did not even realize that their daughter was mentally sick. They didn’t even know that her peeing herself was the result of a tumor. I can say that the way that they treated her for that was wrong. At least they feel bad or that it is their fault. I think that much more of the blame needs to be placed on the par ents, contrary of what Dr. Fried stated. It is the responsibility of the parents to protect and nurture their children, not to physically punish what it not right.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dr. Fried is a nice women. It is interesting that she was in Nazi Germany. Deborah and her family are Jewish and I feel that this is an important tie. Dr. Fried in able to make progress with Deborah and gain her trust. Dr. Royson has to treat Deborah for awhile when D. Fried is away. He is a much colder person and seems more concerned with proving Deborah wrong than actually getting into her personality and mind frame the way Dr. Fried did. Most of the other people who work in the hospital seem like they are just there to do their job. Dr. Fried, however, seems to be genuinely concerned about her patients. For some reason, there end up being a few folks that inmates or patients constantly torment: Hobbs, who commits suicide, and Ellis, who replaces Hobbs. Deborah tells one of the orderlies that Hobbs and Ellis are just like the patients and that it were all the harassing comes from. MacPherson sets her straight by telling her that some people cannot afford to get help for their problems.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I found the other patients very intriguing. They were constantly changing, new one coming in, some getting well and leaving only to return later on. Deborah and another girl even escaped but the... ...d asked for the restraints to be prepared for her because another episode was coming.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Deborah’s internal will and her great perceptiveness was most likely the main reason she started to succeed. Dr. Fried’s relationship with her also played a large role in Deborah’s recovery. Living in the real world at Mrs. Kings and studying to pass the GED may seem like typical thing for most, but this was a huge accomplishment for Deborah. After the last psychotic episode, She wakes up and begins to study. She tells the gods of Yr that she is giving up Yr for good. They remind her of all of the pain that exists because of the â€Å"real world†. â€Å"Full weight,† she said.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I think that Deborah is a smart person with a powerful imagination, who makes it through some very real problems. I feel that some of the blame should be directed towards the parents, but I also realize that they have their own problems. Also, this story takes place during a very different time than that we live in today. Hopefully, our society is educated to understand that sometimes there are situations above our own control. We then must look to the medical profession to provide answers to the questions we have.

Metamorphosis – Paper

There can also be a positive side effect to being exiled â€Å"exile can become a potent, even enriching experience†. In the Metamorphosis, Gregory experiences a form of exile not in the way of not being able to go to his country but to his family and people. Franz Kafka wrote the metamorphosis that had a normal man named Gregory wake up one day and realize that he had been morphed or transformed into a sort of bug. Kafka describes even in the beginning of the story the setting of Gorge's room that only has a bed, blanket, and table.It shows how Gregory in a way was exiled from the world by only have an empty basic room which can show a negative effect on him because of his lack of creativity to fix his room. Because of his transformation Into the bug, which exiled him from humanity, gave him an effect of feeling hopeless about life for example â€Å"unfortunately there was little confident cheer to be had from a glance at the morning mist†¦. After the family figuring ou t about his transformation into a bug, they had exiled him not because of what he did but because they were afraid. They had locked him in his room and being exiled and locked in the room made him feel almost as if he was unwanted or even unbearable to look at â€Å"door were opened Just a tiny crack and quickly closed again†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Gregory waited in vain†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Keys were stuck in the locks on the outside. His emotions were running wild with him being exiled in his room â€Å"partly in a state of worry and murky hopes. † After being away from the human world he refers the world as â€Å"featureless wasteland†¦.. Indistinguishable. † Even though Kafka wrote the story s Gregory feeling exiled, he showed how the way he was treated was affecting him In a very negative way but was still able to Incorporate a positive effect from the whole experience of feeling exiled.After figuring out that he was transformed and even though he was scared he still tried t o embrace it â€Å"Gregory that it might be far more reasonable to leave him in peace at the moment†, gave him a sense to recollect himself. Before being exiled he was working as a salesman to help out his parents who had apparently a debt, but after being exiled he felt a sense of pride for helping is parents â€Å"he felt a great pride that he had been able to provide such a life. Another positive effect that came out to him being exiled would have to be him and his sister having a stronger closer relationship. He saw how much his sister had cared for him by even though he looked like a monstrous bug she still saw her brother inside of the being and took care of him. For example in the scene of when Gregory Is already locked up In his room, his sister still came In even though freaked out she still gave him food to eat and water to drink.This made Gregory feel better ND not be so Influenced by the situation at hand â€Å"so that Gregory would now know that he could make h imself as comfortable as he wished. † Since his parents had put affect him and his sister but as well as his father. It created a positive effect where even though the father was going through a tough time he still was able to bring something good out of it by stop drinking â€Å"sister often asked his father whether he wanted a beer†¦.. His father said a resounding â€Å"No†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ † Kafka was very unique in the way that he wrote the Metamorphosis and showed his talent.You could say that he tried to prove Edward Sad's comments on how â€Å"exile can be terrible to experience and it can sometimes be an enriching experience. † We can also take from this stories example that it Just doesn't affect one person but it can also affect the people around the person in this case, Gorge's father and sister. We can pull out many meanings from the story and Gorge's experience but we see more of how alienating someone can become a positive or negative action but w ill no matter what have some sort of effect.

Employment and New Blood Essay

â€Å"More emphasis should be placed on the external supply of employees for meeting future needs because these employees bring new blood into the organization. This results in more innovative and creative ideas. † Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Explain your response. Although there is enough data available to validate arguments made from both sides. One can presume that depending on which side of the gate debaters find themselves, it is more likely that their point of view will be biased. However it may be worthy to note that though external employees can indeed bring â€Å"new blood† to the organization, sometimes they can also bring bad blood, which can often contaminate the pool and create a hostile working environment. No one can inherently deny that from time to time a growing organization will definitely need to import an external supply of personnel. The health and profitability of the organization may warrant it. However passing up a legitimate opportunity to promote a deserving employee from within is my view totally unjustifiable and inexcusable. And there are many factors which prove that it may ultimately be beneficial for an organization to hire internally. â€Å"Is it Better to Promote From Within or Hire Externally? With limited resources, the best option is to promote from within. Doing so will save a considerable amount of time and money spent on recruiting. Also, by giving preference to internal staff, you’ll demonstrate that there are growth opportunities within your company – a factor that will motivate some employees to be more productive. Find a gem within your staff and, with proper training and incentives, he or she will pay dividends for years to come! www. businessfinancestore. com/2012/06/26/is-it†¦ Hiring from within is both time and cost effective. By hiring externally, you’ll have to advertise openings to prospective applicants. Unless you have a very reliable network or rely completely on websites that allow free posting, you’ll incur some expenses in the process. Internal recruitment reduces the cost of training the new blood about the different strategies of working in the organization as the person who is already working with the organization will already have the knowledge about the work that will be given to him when he will be promoted. No need to pay for job ads, take phone calls and emails from interested applicants and it will be easier to schedule interviews An argument can also be made that when it comes to profits, no financial gain can equate the benefits that an organization can reap from a boost in employee morale, especially if it is gained as a result of an internal promotion. It increases the incentives for your staff to do a good job. Employees will have more of a reason to stay with your company. Employees may begin to resent you if you habitually hire external employees. And once word gets out that there aren’t many (or any) growth opportunities in your organization, this could also hurt your recruiting efforts. Hiring internally also builds loyalty among the employees: with the help of the internal recruitment the organization will be able to gain the loyalty of the employee who is working with the organization. As he/she will be aware that the organization knows about the worth of the person because of which he/she is being promoted and will also encourage other employees to prove their worth to the organization. It ensures the stability from continuity of employment: Internal recruitment helps in creating the stability and the continuity of the employees of the organization, as they will be encouraged to work hard to gain the status that they look forward to which will help in attaining the stability of the employees. So, to conclude we can say that the internal recruitment is the best way to motivate people within the organization to work hard towards the organizational goals and will also reduce the cost and time that is being spent on the procedure to select the new blood from outside for working in the organization.

Heres What no One Tells You About Managing Stress as a Writer

Heres What no One Tells You About Managing Stress as a Writer Your deadlines are looming and your creative spark isnt catching fire. Youve poured more cups of coffee than anyone should reasonably drink and youre trying every trick in the book to induce the muse. Your thoughts run in circles trying to find the right words to type but youve deleted almost as many lines as youve typed.Like any job, writing for a living has its stressful moments. For the typical observer looking at the writing profession from the outside, its assumed that you spend your mornings at the coffee shop, wearing a fedora (okay, maybe thats a stereotype), chatting with the locals and languidly spending hours to find the perfect word for your eager audience.The truth, however, is quite different from that scenario. The writers who make a living at writing have deadlines and word count requirements that often require hundreds of words per hour and constant creativity, even if you only managed a few hours sleep last night. And thats in addition to the research that goes into what is written before words are even put on the page.Creativity is exhaustingWhile writers who do it as a hobby write whenever the mood hits or the muse visits, professional writers must write daily- regardless of how creative they feel. One of the great advantages to writing for a living is to work in your favorite place and set your own hours, but the daily need for boundless creativity also has its drawbacks, too. Especially for writers who have solid deadlines that must be met and several projects going at once.Professional writers often have solid deadlines and several projects going at once.One of my favorite quotes from Stephen King, in his part-memoir/part-instruction manual, On Writing: A Memoir of the Craft, is this one:There is a muse, but hes not going to come fluttering down into your writing room and scatter creative fairy-dust all over your typewriter or computer. He lives in the ground. Hes a basement kind of guy. You have to descend to his level, and once you get down there you have to furnish an apartment for him to live in. You have to do all the grunt labor, in other words, while the muse sits and smokes cigars and admires his bowling trophies and pretends to ignore you. Do you think its fair? I think its fair. He may not be much to look at, that muse-guy, and he may not be much of a conversationalist, but hes got inspiration. Its right that you should do all the work and burn all the mid-night oil, because the guy with the cigar and the little wings has got a bag of magic. Theres stuff in there that can change your life. Believe me, I know.Stephen King, On Writing: A Memoir of the CraftWhen I read that passage, I understand exactly what King is talking about, especially when he refers to grunt labor. In my own words (which are far less poetic than Kings), I feel he is referring to the work that must go into writing before the magic moments happen. Particularly, its important for a professional writer to understand that it wont be magical every time you write. The magic will happen and youll eventually write an amazing passage that people talk about for years to come. But you will have written hundreds of non-magical passages before getting to that point. Its just how it works.Most of the time while writing, it will be difficult to find the right words and will be hard to be creative when your mind is focused on the mundane details of life. Bills due, errands to run, children and spouse needing attention- the constant tug-of-war that happens in a writers mind between creativity and routine can be distracting. Sometimes, it can even be detrimental in the process of meeting multiple deadlines.Your daemon or genius is flightyIn a TedTalk aimed at artists in general, especially writers, Eat, Pray, Love author Elizabeth Gilbert speaks of a time in Ancient Greece and Rome when people believed that creativity was a divine entity, separate from the artist himself or herself. In Greece, it was referred to as a daemon and in Rome, it was called a genius. In both cases, it was something outside of the artist- a supernatural thing living in the walls that would visit the artist to ensure those magic moments happen. And there might be things the artist could do to summon the genius, but there was never a guarantee the flighty thing would show up. Whether or not this happened, however, was beyond the artists control.Further in the discussion, Gilbert speaks of the changes that occurred with rational humanism and the belief that all the magical moments in art were a direct result of something the artist did or didnt do. She notes that this belief, which places all of the burden of creativity on the shoulders of the writer or artist, can produce extreme anxiety and a sense of failure in the inevitable moments when it doesnt happen. It can likewise produce extreme ego.Gilbert ends her talk wishing that artists (including writers) would return to the ancient understanding of genius to avoid the pressure that is placed on them in the creative cycle. In such, she reiterates Stephen Kings point that the magical moments wont always be there, and thats okay. The trick is to keep writing, to keep working, and eventually- your creative genius will pay a visit. But only on his or her own time schedule. Its a visit that cant be forced, even if youre wearing a fedora in a coffee shop.Uninterrupted time alone is crucialAnother method Ive observed thats useful in managing stress as a writer is to insist on some alone time to work and protect it fiercely. As a mother of three children, this becomes especially hard over school holidays and breaks- days that keep them running in and out of my office with various requests or complaints. Even when they insist, Ill be quiet, simply having another person in the room is distracting for me as a writer, which often makes the whole coffee shop routine difficult. Ive found very few coffee shops without a lot of other customers present.This insistence on alone ti me includes social media. I find that if I have notifications turned on in my social media or personal email accounts, the simple interruption of someone else seeking my attention is enough to completely destroy whatever magic moment I might have been achieving. Maybe this means that my genius is an introvert, I dont know, but I do know it slows down my writing process significantly when I allow these distractions to be present.Your preferred writing environment might be different than mine. However, my guess is that many professional writers share the need to fiercely protect their alone time to achieve their writing goals for the day. While its possible to write surrounded by noise and distractions, if youre like me, your best work will never come from that environment.A writers best work will never come from a loud, distracting environment.Read when youre not writingAnother way Ive found to cope with stress as a writer is to read. Reading is a relaxing activity for most people, b ut even more so for professional writers. Beyond the relaxing aspect of it, it is highly useful in building your skills (and therefore, your confidence) as a writer. The more you read, the more you are able to take in writing skills such as dialogue, description, and characterization- particularly if you are reading an amazing writer who has much to teach you.Heres how King puts it:You have to read widely, constantly refining (and redefining) your own work as you do so. Its hard for me to believe that people who read very little (or not at all in some cases) should presume to write and expect people to like what they have written, but I know its true. If I had a nickel for every person who ever told me he/she wanted to become a writer but didnt have time to read, I could buy myself a pretty good steak dinner. Can I be blunt on this subject? If you dont have the time to read, you dont have the time (or the tools) to write. Simple as that.Reading is the creative center of a writers li fe. I take a book with me everywhere I go, and find there are all sorts of opportunities to dip in †¦ Reading at meals is considered rude in polite society, but if you expect to succeed as a writer, rudeness should be the second-to-least of your concerns. The least of all should be polite society and what it expects. If you intend to write as truthfully as you can, your days as a member of polite society are numbered anyway.Stephen King, On Writing: A Memoir of the Craft